bullet03_glitter.gif »ý¸í°øÇÐ (»ý¹°°øÇÐ, Biotechnology)À̶õ?

    "Biotechnology is a field of applied biology that involves the use of living organisms and bioprocesses in engineering, technology, medicine and other fields requiring bioproducts." The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity defines biotechnology as: "Any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use." -wikipedia.

    ÈçÈ÷µé 21¼¼±â´Â »ý¸í°øÇÐ ½Ã´ë¶ó ÇÑ´Ù. »ý¸í°øÇÐÀ̶õ ¼ø¼ö°úÇÐÀÎ »ý¸í°úÇп¡¼­ ¾òÀº ¿¬±¸°á°úÀÇ »ê¾÷Àû ÀÌ¿ëÀ» ¿¬±¸ÇÏ´Â Çй®À̶ó ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Áö±¸»ó¿¡ ÀηùÀÇ ÃâÇö ÀÌÈÄ·Î ¼ö·ÆäÃë½Ã´ë, À¯¸ñ½Ã´ë, ³ó°æ½Ã´ë, »ê¾÷½Ã´ë, Á¤º¸½Ã´ë¸¦ °ÅÄ¡´Â µ¿¾È 21¼¼±âÀÇ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ ½Å¼ºÀ嵿·ÂÀ¸·Î¼­ »ý¸í°øÇÐÀ» ²Å°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¹°¸®Çаú È­ÇÐÀÇ ¿¬±¸°á°ú¸¦ ÀÀ¿ëÇÑ °ÍÀÌ °¢°¢ ±â°è°øÇаú È­ÇаøÇÐÀ̶ó ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í »ý¹°ÇР¹× »ý¸í°úÇÐÀÇ ¿¬±¸°á°ú¸¦ »ê¾÷ÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÀ¿ëÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¹Ù·Î »ý¸í°øÇÐ ¶Ç´Â »ý¹°°øÇÐÀ̶ó ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Àü¼¼°èÀûÀ¸·Î »ý¸í°øÇлê¾÷ Áï ¹ÙÀÌ¿À»ê¾÷ÀÇ Á߿伺ÀÌ Å©°Ô Áõ°¡ÇÔ¿¡ µû¶ó ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó¿¡¼­µµ 94³â-06³â Á¦1Â÷»ý¸í°øÇÐÀ°¼º±âº»°èȹÀ» ¼ö¸³ ½ÃÇàÇÏ°í ¿ì¼ö¼º°ú¸¦ ¹ß±¼ÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù(Á¦1Â÷ »ý¸í°øÇÐ À°¼º ±âº»°èȹ (94-06) ¿ì¼ö¼º°ú ¸ðÀ½Áý ÂüÁ¶). ÀÌÈÄ 07³â-16³â Á¦2Â÷ »ý¸í°øÇÐÀ°¼º ±âº»°èȹÀ» ¼ö¸³ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç ¸Å³â Á¤ºÎÀÇ ¿©·¯ºÎó°¡ °øµ¿À¸·Î »ý¸í°øÇÐ À°¼º½ÃÇà°èȹÀ» ¼ö¸³ÇÏ¿© ½ÃÇàÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù (¿¬µµº° »ý¸í°øÇÐ À°¼º½ÃÇà°èȹ ÂüÁ¶: 2007³â, 2008³â, 2009³â, 2010³â, 2010³â »ý¸í°øÇÐ À°¼º½ÃÇà°èȹ ÁÖ¿äÅë°è).

 

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    »ý¸í°øÇÐÀº ±× ´ë»ó¿¡ µû¶ó µ¿¹°»ý¸í°øÇÐ (animal biotechnology), ½Ä¹°»ý¸í°øÇÐ (plant biotechnology), ¹Ì»ý¹°°øÇÐ ¶Ç´Â ¹Ì»ý¹°»ý¸í°øÇÐ (Microbial Biotechnology)À¸·Î ³ª´­ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±× ´ë»óÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀÌµç »ý¸í°øÇÐÀÌ Ãß±¸ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ºÐ¾ß´Â ±â´É¼º ¹ÙÀÌ¿À ½ÄÇ°, ¹ÙÀÌ¿À »ý¹°È­Çй°Áú, ¹ÙÀÌ¿À ÀǾà, ¹ÙÀÌ¿À ¿¡³ÊÁö, ¹ÙÀÌ¿À ȯ°æ µîÀ» µé ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ¹Ì»ý¹°°øÇÐÀ̶õ ¹Ì»ý¹° ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© »ó±âÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ºÐ¾ß¿¡ ÀûÇÕÇÑ ±ÕÁÖÀÇ °³·®, °øÁ¤ °³¼±, »ê¹°ÀÇ Á¦Ç°È­¿¡ Àû¿ëÇÏ°íÀÚ ¿¬±¸ÇÏ´Â Çй®À̶ó ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¹Ì»ý¹°°øÇÐÀº ±× ¹üÀ§°¡ ¸Å¿ì ´Ù¾çÇϳª (¹Ì»ý¹°°øÇÐÀÇ ºÐ¾ß ÂüÁ¶) º» ¿¬±¸½Ç¿¡¼­ ƯÈ÷ °ü½ÉÀ» °¡Áö°í ¿¬±¸ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ºÐ¾ß´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.

    1. ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó ÁÖ¿ä ¹ßÈ¿»ê¾÷¿¡ ÀûÇÕÇÑ À¯¿ë¹Ì»ý¹°ÀÇ Å½»ö ¹× °³·®

    2. ¹ßÈ¿¹Ì»ý¹°¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ »ý¸® È°¼º ¹°Áú »ý»ê ¹× ¹ßÈ¿½ÄÇ°¿¡ÀÇ ÀÌ¿ë

    3. ȯ°æ ½ºÆ®·¹½º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀúÇ×¼º ¿ÍÀÎ ¹× ÀüÅëÁÖ È¿¸ðÀÇ ºÐÀÚ»ý¹°ÇÐÀû °³·®

    4. À¯¿ë ¹Ì»ý¹°¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ±â´É¼º ¹ßÈ¿½ÄÇ° ¹× ¹ßÈ¿»ê¹°ÀÇ »ý»ê

    5. ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ ¹ßÈ¿±â¼ú°ú »ý¸í°øÇÐÀÇ À¶º¹ÇÕ ¿¬±¸

 

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   ½ÄÇ°¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ¹Ì»ý¹°(microorganism)°ú À̵éÀÇ È¿¼Ò(enzyme)µéÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© »ê¾÷ÀûÀ¸·Î °¢Á¾ÀÇ ¹ßÈ¿½ÄÇ°, ¹ßÈ¿»ê¹° ¹× ¹Ì»ý¹° ±Õü µéÀ» »ý»êÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

1. ¹Ì»ý¹°¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »ý»êµÇ´Â ¹ßÈ¿½ÄÇ°À¸·Î´Â ÀüºÐÁú ¿ø·á¸¦ ¹ßÈ¿ÇÏ¿© »ý»êÇÏ´Â Æ÷µµÁÖ, ¸ÆÁÖ, ûÁÖ, ¾à·Å¹ÁÖ µîÀÇ °¢Á¾ÀÇ ÁÖ·ù¿Í ´Ü¹éÁú ¿ø·á¸¦ ¹ßÈ¿ÇÏ¿© »ý»êÇÏ´Â °£Àå, µÈÀå, °íÃßÀå µîÀÇ Àå·ù¿Í Á¥·ù¸¦ ¹ßÈ¿ÇÏ¿© »ý»êÇÏ´Â ¿ä±¸¸£Æ®, Ä¡Áî, ¹öÅÍ µîÀÇ ¹ßÈ¿ À¯Á¦Ç° ¹× °ú½ÇÀ̳ª Èñ¼®ÇÑ ÁÖÁ¤À» ¹ßÈ¿ÇÏ¿© »ý»êÇÏ´Â ½ÄÃÊ, »ý¼±°ú Á¶°³·ù µîÀ» ¹ßÈ¿ÇÏ¿© »ý»êÇÏ´Â Á¥°¥·ù µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.

2. ¹Ì»ý¹°¿¡ÀÇÇØ »ý»êµÇ´Â ¹ßÈ¿»ê¹°·Î´Â ½ÄÇ° ÷°¡Á¦·Î »ç¿ëµÇ´Â Á¥»ê, ±¸¿¬»ê, ¸»»ê µîÀÇ °¢Á¾ À¯±â»ê°ú ±Û·çŽ»ê, ¶óÀ̽Å, Æ®·¹¿À´Ñ µîÀÇ °¢Á¾ ¾Æ¹Ì³ë»ê°ú ´Ù´ç·ù, À̼ºÈ­´ç(HFCS, HFCS) µîÀÇ ´ç·ù °ü·Ã¹°Áú, ÇÙ»ê°è Á¶¹Ì·á·Î »ç¿ëµÇ´Â À̳ë½Å »ê, ±¸¾Æ´Ò »ê µîÀÇ ÇÙ»ê°ü·Ã¹°Áú ¹× ºñŸ¹Î, È£¸£¸ó, ´Ü¹éÁú µîÀÇ »ý¸®È°¼º¹°Áú, ±×¸®°í Ä¡ÁîÀÇ Á¦Á¶¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¹Ì»ý¹° ·¹´ÏÆ®, ¾Æ¹Ð¶ó¾ÆÁ¦, ÇÁ·ÎÅ×¾ÆÁ¦ µîÀÇ °¢Á¾ È¿¼Ò¸¦ µé ¼ö°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.

3. ¹Ì»ý¹° ±ÕüÀÇ »ý»êÀ¸·Î´Â ´Ü¹éÁú ±Þ¿øÀ¸·Î¼­ ¹Ì»ý¹° ´Ü¹é, ¹Ì»ý¹°¼º ±â¸§ÀÇ »ý»êÀ» ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ÇÏ´Â Áö¹æÈ¿¸ð, »§ÀÇ Á¦Á¶¸¦ À§ÇÑ »§È¿¸ð ¹× ¹ßÈ¿ À¯Á¦Ç°ÀÇ »ý»êÀ» À§ÇÑ Á¥»ê±Õ ±Õü µîÀÇ »ý»êÀ» µé ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

    ¹Ì»ý¹°À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© Á¦Á¶µÇ´Â ÁÖ·ùÀÇ ¼¼°è½ÃÀå ±Ô¸ð´Â ¾à 2,000Á¶¿¡ ´ÞÇÏ¸ç ±âŸ ¹ßÈ¿Á¦Ç°ÀÇ ¼¼°è ½ÃÀå ±Ô¸ð´Â ¾à 80Á¶¿ø¿¡ ´ÞÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

 

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1. Medical and Food Microbiology

    The aim of this module is to investigate the current trends in the understanding of infectious diseases and the problems of food safety, including pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and control. The module links information delivered in other modules in particular Microbial Physiology & Fermentation Technology and Trends in Microbial Biotechnology.

    1) Pathogenicity of microbes; molecular basis of pathogenicity, microbial toxins, TSE, emerging pathogens

    2) Diagnosis of infectious diseases; molecular diagnostic techniques in food and medical microbiology

    3) Treatment of infectious diseases; problems of resistance to antimicrobial agents, new antimicrobial agents and their evaluation

    4) Control of infectious diseases; HACCP, microbial risk assessment, probiotics, vaccines

2. Trends in Microbial Biotechnology

    This module is an advanced study of microbial molecular biology and the production of microbial products for industrial and pharmaceutical use.

    1) Microbial genetics; bacterial & viral genetics, horizontal gene transfer, application of genomic and proteomic research, bioinformatics

    2) Industrial and pharmaceutical applications of micro-organisms; antibiotics, amino acids (etc), hormones, microbial pesticides.

3. Microbial Physiology and Fermentation Technology

    Microbial growth kinetics, understanding the characteristics and stability of recombinant organisms, and the adaptation of micoorganisms to extreme environments. Detailed aspects of fermenter culture maintenance including mass transfer of oxygen in stirred and air-lift fermenters. The principles of process scale-up and the importance of bioremediation.

4. Enzyme Technology and Biocatalysis

    Commercial application of enzymes; Enzyme purification and the theoretical background to enzyme activity in free, immobilised or whole cell preparations and in extreme environments such as at high temperature and in non-aqueous reactors. Bioreactor design, future industrial applications of biocatalysts, modification of enzymes as diagnostic tools and biosensors.